The activities and achievements of the project are: A) Project Planning - In the first year of the project a successful planning meeting was held in Brisbane from 11-13 October 1993 at which a list of indicators was developed for Vertisols and Sloping Lands which have been distributed quite widely and catalysed thinking and further development by several groups, including QDPI-SEARCA group. B) Economic Dimension - of the FELSM - In March 1994, Professor Clem Tisdell (Professor of Economics, University of Queensland) prepared a concept paper which linked the biophysical and economic dimensions of the Framework (FELSM), to indicate how sustainability indicators can be combined into meaningful economic measures. IBSRAM published the report as Issues in Sustainable Land Management No. 1. C) Work Conducted on Sustainability Assessment - I) even though there were no consistent difference in soil depth and soil chemical and physical parameters between plots of adopter and non-adopters of conservation-farming technologies, better management appeared to contribute to higher yields and net income on adopter plots, ii) effectiveness and commonality of indicators, particularly biophysical ones, for assessing sustainability requires further evaluation, iii) visual indicators of soil quality and sustainability can be complicated by extremes in weather, thus need for several visits to a site, iv) In Zimbabwe productivity is at a low level but soil fertility has not been affected adversely by cropping systems in the last 45 years. However a new tied-furrow technique for improved soil water management scored well in terms of enhanced sustainability, compared to the traditional practice. v) A more useful definition of sustainability 'At the farm level a farming system is sustainable if it continues to satisfy the need of the farmer and does not degrade his/her resource base.'