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Management of fruit quality and pest infestation on mango and mangosteen to meet technical market access requirements
Project ID
HORT/2006/146
Project Country
Commissioned Organisation
Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia, Australia
Project Leader
Mr Peter Johnson
pjohnson@agric.wa.gov.au
Phone:
08 9166 4026
Fax:
08 9166 4046
Project Budget
$1,507,218.00
Start Date
01/11/2008
Finish Date
30/10/2012
ACIAR Research Program Manager
Mr Les Baxter
Overview Objectives
Mangosteen and mango are two important economic fruit crops for Indonesia with a strong domestic and export demand. But there has been a lack of successful international market penetration for both fruits, which could be attributed to the low percentage of export quality fruit produced. This project aims to improve the international competitiveness of Indonesia's mango and mangosteen industries. Major objectives are: 1. to identify technical and phytosanitary requirements for fresh mango and mangosteen in key markets and analyse appropriate strategies to overcome current technical market access constraints; 2. to improve fruit quality from production to consumption using good agricultural practices; 3. to conduct the necessary phytosanitary disinfestation treatments to selected export markets; 4. to build capacity in the mango and mangosteen industries to conduct integrated and targeted research, development and extension programs.
Progress Reports (Year 1, 2, 3 etc)
Year 1:
This project aims to improve the international competitiveness of the mango and mangosteen industries of Indonesia through the development of systems that will allow these industries to meet the requirements for technical market access and therefore deliver high quality fruit into the market.
The project initiation workshop was held in November 2008 and the project document was signed off by all partners in February 2009. As of April 2009 the project has been registered in Indonesia. However, the project budget has not yet been registered with the Indonesian Treasury (DIPA). This is a result of the new system developed to manage overseas finance in Indonesia. Until this registration with DIPA occurs funds cannot be transferred to Indonesian government agencies.
Work has commenced with baseline survey testing, aimed at testing the survey technique and questions. This was carried out by Julie Warren and Ibu Tini (Dinas) in East Java. At present the survey data is being analysed and the questions redeveloped for further work to begin in June 2009 when Penny Goldsmith, John Moulden and Ted Winston travel to Java.
In March 2009 Winny Wibawa, Susiami and Purnomo Nugroho travelled to Perth to meet with the Australian team and further develop the action plan. This was successful although not being able to transfer funds was highlighted as a major impediment. Agreement was made with DGH that the core critical project activities will be funded through DGH's budget until the issue is resolved thus reducing the risk of the project suffering any serious delays. The critical activities have now been prioritised for the next 12 months.
Francis De Lima has visited Indonesia twice (November 08 and April 09) to complete his audit of the capacity of the disinfestation facilities, including the Fruit Fly lab at Jatisari, the Fruit Fly Radiation lab at the National Nuclear Energy Agency and the Agency for Agricultural Quarantine's fumigation research facility. Results of the audit indicate that more funding is needed for the Fruit Fly lab at Jatisari to supply them with sufficient equipment for the VHT disinfestation work. Also, a suitable date needs to be set for Ir. Cahyaniati of the Crop Protection Centre, Ir. Achmad Nasroh Kuswadi of the National Nuclear Energy Agency and Pak Turhraadi Noehima Nasroh of the Agency for Agricultural Quarantine to visit Australia for training in their specific disinfestation experimental technique.
Work has commenced with the Centre for Tropical Fruit Studies in the Bogor Agricultural University with Dr Sobir and Professor Roedhy. A detailed activity plan has been developed and a number of suitable students have been identified to undertake some of this work focusing on mangosteen IPM, IVS propagation, internal disorder, post harvest disorder identification and post harvest quality. IPB has strengths in Mangosteen research and therefore will concentrate in this area of the project and IFTRI which has better linkages with the mango industry and will concentrate more on mango.
Meetings were held with the Sri Yuliani of the Post Harvest Centre Bogor, which also gave team members a chance to view the facilities at the centre. Currently they are involved in activities that are very close to those identified in the project's core activities. They were not identified in the initial scoping study as a potential partner and therefore currently not written into the project. Developing a collaborate relationship between IFTRI, IPB and the Post harvest centre has been identified as a key strategy that will help avoid duplication of activities within Indonesia.
Development of a wiki site for the project to aid communications is underway and will be up and running soon. This wiki site will be shared by other relevant ACIAR projects operating in Indonesia.
Year 2:
This project aims to improve the international competitiveness of the mango and mangosteen industries of Indonesia through the development of systems that will allow these industries to meet the requirements for technical market access and therefore deliver high quality fruit into the market.
The project initiation workshop was held in November 2008 and the project document was signed off by all partners in February 2009. As of April 2009 the project has been registered in Indonesia, and finally in April 2010, the project budget been registered with the Indonesian Treasury (DIPA). This is a result of the new system developed to manage overseas finance in Indonesia. Funds now can begin to be transferred to DGH and it is anticipated to the Nuclear energy agency and Quarantine. The project was able to transfer funds to IPB and IFTRI as of late 2009. This has resulted in a setback for the project and most of the major activities have been delayed until 2010. A contingency plan was put in place during the March 2009 visit to Perth by Winny Wibawa, Susiami and Purnomo Nugroho The plan prioritised activities and identified critical activities that needed to go ahead to avoid the project suffering any serious delays. Unfortunately, the worst case scenario occurred with DGH, Quarantine and the Nuclear Energy Agency setting back the timing of activities. The positive result however was that the accounts were opened with IPB and ICORD and funds have been transferred so work has proceeded well with these partners.
June 2009 John Moulden, Ted Winston and Penny Goldsmith travelled to Java, the purpose of the trip was to identify and set up trial sites for the RBMC traps, identify Mangosteen field work sites and develop the opportunity for collaboration with the Post harvest institute.
October 2009 Dr Roedhy travelled to Kununurra to assist in the development of the mango protocols for assessing maturity standards, market suitability for mango varieties, Dr Mizu undertook he same exercise in Mareeba January 2010. This will now enable the work to be undertaken this season on Gendong in Indonesia. Dr Robert Henriod will travel to Indonesia this season to assist in the setting up and running of this work.
Baseline survey has been completed with the mango industry, Needs analysis and supply chain mapping has been completed through a series of workshops with the mango and Mangosteen growers. This has given the project a good understanding of the needs and current capacity of the industry to meet export requirements.
Work is well under way with the Centre for Tropical Fruit Studies in the Bogor Agricultural University with Dr Sobir and Professor Roedhy focusing on mangosteen IPM, IVS propagation, internal disorder, post harvest disorder identification and post harvest quality. The end of this season will see the first results. The area of transportation damage in mangosteen has been assessed and new plastic crates have been introduced into the harvest system, this has reduced the amount of transportation damage to the fruit from the field to the packhouse.
A MOU between The Post Harvest Centre Bogor and IPB is being drafted so that post harvest work can commence this season.
Current Website for project is being constructed with the help of a University of Curtin intern, the main purpose of this will be for internal project communication the sharing of project information, documents etc.
Year 3:
This project aims to improve the international competitiveness of the mango and mangosteen industries of Indonesia through the development of systems that will allow these industries to meet the requirements for technical market access and therefore deliver high quality fruit into the market.
The project initiation workshop was held in November 2008 and the project document was signed off by all partners in February 2009. As of April 2009 the project has been registered in Indonesia. The budget was registered with Indonesian Treasury (DIPA) in December 2009 by DGH for the Indonesian financial year of 2010. However the National Nuclear Energy Agency and the Agency for Agricultural Quarantine were not able to register the budget for this financial year and as a result were unable to receive any funds. Whilst this has caused some delays in activities at this stage in the project, these have been manageable and alternative ways of funding activities have been pursued.
During March 2010 the mid season project workshop review was held giving an opportunity for all of the project team members to measure there activities against the objectives of the project.
Work has progressed very well with mangosteen; a number of approaches were looked at in addressing the quality deterioration during storage these included 1MCP, temperature management , wax, cytokine, and , MAP whilst some of these treatments did improve the shelf life and outturn quality of the stored fruit it still wasn't enough to have a major impact on export outturns by seas freight.
Initial work conducted on ant control looks very promising with the initial treatments reducing the infestation levels by some 70%, indicators are with further refinement of application method infestation levels could be reduced even further.
Work on ant, thrip and mite species has been able to identify some of the problem species and their link to scaring damage, verification work on this will be followed up this season
Several workshops were conducted with industry during the season, the first and second was aimed at mapping the existing mango and mangosteen supply chains. The third workshop was used as a training opportunity to improve the handling of export mango fruit and improve the outturn quality in the mango export markets.
A trial export consignment of Gedong to Hong Kong was conducted to monitor the export supply chain and assess the performance of the variety in the Hong Kong/ China markets. The trial was also combined with some market evaluation work of Indonesian mango varieties through several focus groups made up of consumers from Hong Kong and importers form both Hong Kong and Mainland China. Both exercises proved very successful and have generated some good quality information on the market segment and potential of Indonesian export mangoes.
A number of training activities were conducted during the year these were aimed at increasing the technical expertise of key staff members to undertake the next phase of activities in the project. These included training on Maturity assessments, Ethyl formate fumigation, Hot water treatments and trial design to meet international standards.
Location
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